Essay on Ncfe Principles of Dementia Care Level 2

Assessment 1.1: understanding dementia 1. Explain what is meant by the term ‘dementia’. Dementia is a term used to describe a collection of signs and symptoms that happen to the brain when it is affected by the progression of certain diseases such as vascular dementia (when brain cells die due to lack of oxygen) and Alzheimer’s disease (a specific brain disease). Some of the affects these diseases have are on a person’s memory, language and communication abilities, behaviour and ability to make rational judgements. 2. The estimated total number of people diagnosed with dementia in the uk is 820,000 3.1 The estimated worldwide number of people with dementia is 35 million 3.2 In terms of ratio the prevalence of†¦show more content†¦c) Cerebellum – when an individual is affected with dementia in this lobe they will have problems with their balance and co-ordination. This can lead to them having more falls than they previously had. 6. Why each of these following conditions could be mistaken for dementia a) Depression- individuals with severe depression suffer with poor memories and lack concentration. They will also become less motivated and become withdraw. These are all signs of dementia. A general practitioner may think that it is more likely that an elderly person is suffering from dementia than depression. b) Delirium – this illness comes on quickly and advances rapidly. It is caused by infections, dehydration, and thyroid dysfunction and can be a side effect from certain drugs. Once the individual is receiving treatment they will be on their way to returning to their normal state. The symptoms are similar to dementia as it can cause memory loss, disorientation, language disturbances and hallucinations. c) Age-related cognitive impairment (or mild cognitive impairment MCI) – is when an elderly person’s memory starts to wane and they have problems recalling their short term memories, they have difficulty learning new things, their thinking process starts to become reduced and have difficulty concentrating. It is thought that MCI can develop due to alcohol abuse and cognitive decline (poor diet, chronic inflammation, vascular disease andShow MoreRelatedNcfe Level 2 Certificate in the Principles of Dementia Care.2763 Words   |  12 PagesLee Clark. NCFE level 2 Certificate in the Principles of Dementia Care. Unit 1. Q1. Explain what is meant by the term dementia Dementia is a broad term used to describe the symptoms that occur when the brain is affected by specific diseases and conditions.Dementia is a progressive disease and the symptoms will get gradually worse. | Q2. Describe how dementia can affect a person if the following areas of the brain are damaged by dementia. Area of Brain | How damage to this area might

The Mind Through Way Of His Dreams By Robert Fichers

Inception, the act of instilling an idea into someones’ mind by entering his or her dreams (dictionary.com). In the movie Inception Dom Cobbs’ goal is to plant an idea in Robert Fichers’ mind through way of his dreams. This is because they want him to find his dads’ â€Å"other will† so that Robert will not carry on in his dads’ footsteps but choose create his own destiny. However, Robert is not really choosing this on his own free will because the idea is being planted in his mind by someone else. Because of the events in this movie the director would be considered a hard determinist. Robert believes that he made the decision when in â€Å"reality† his decision was an illusion. Another of example of not having free will is when Mal kills herself. She thinks she is choosing to do it on her own when she really did not. The reason she killed herself is because Cobb planted the idea in her mind while they were stuck in limbo. He did this to bring them both back to â€Å"reality†. Quotations are required around â€Å"reality† because in this movie there is no way to determine if something is a dream or reality. During the movie Cobb tells Ariadne about his wife, Mal, who would always show up during his dreams. Cobb and Mal ended up getting stuck in limbo. They got stuck in limbo because the dream became their reality. Cobb eventually, after fifty years in the dream world, that he was not in reality. However, he could not convince Mal since she locked away what kept her grounded to reality, her

Digital Broadcasting Essay Example For Students

Digital Broadcasting Essay Word Count: 3031AbstractThis essay intends to discuss the following statement; will have a fundamental effect on viewing patterns, popular culture and audience identity. This will be done firstly by looking at the history of the BBC and the original intention of Public Service Broadcasting. It will discuss how by John Reiths successful approach to broadcasting, the BBC became a National Institution creating popular culture and a National Identity. It will examine how these first steps and ideas have major role in the introduction of Digital Broadcasting today and whether the initial Reithian values have any meaning in todays society. It will finally conclude what effect if any, these changes will have on British life as a whole and whether the fear of change is justified. In the 2oth century the advance of technology has been fundamental in the way we live our lives today. The recent introduction of Digital Broadcasting to Great Britain has caused many technologists to become swept up in a sense of awed enthusiasm about the infinite possibilities of the new digital age. In its early stages digital broadcasting is only available to a minority and it will take ten years or so to become a new way of life. Digital Broadcasting has thousands of new services to offer its viewers and listeners. Instead of pictures and sound being transformed into waves, the new technology turns them into a series of digits which are transmitted through the air and received by television or radio aerials. Digital Broadcasting is more efficient than analogue, giving space for six channels where analogue would give you one. Digital brings better picture, better sound quality and more choice and cinematic style. The new era gives the audience greater interaction with its broadcaster and also the opportunity to shop, book holidays, bank and play games all form remote control. It is not just television that is going digital. Radio too will offer the listener a transformed experience in what we enjoy the most. The sound quality will be crystal clear and free from interruption. New digital radio sets will offer a built in display panel which will show graphics as well as facts and figures relating to the programme you are listening to. These are the things that we have come to expect from a broadcasting journey lasting 80 years. The new technological change is revolutionary as radio was 75 years ago and as television was 25 years after. Overnight we will move from a world of scarcity with limitation, to a world of plenty where an infinity of services become possible. The fear of change is as great as its was 77 years ago when broadcasting began. The digital age brings risks as well as opportunities. The risk that globalisation of culture may threaten national identities; that the powerful gateway controllers may restrain rather than promote diversity; the risk of a possible two class society; the information rich, ready an able to pay for their increasingly expensive media, and the information poor who cannot. Are these threats true to life ? How could this be avoided ? The introduction of digital broadcasting has followed a similar pattern to the advent of broadcasting itself 77 years ago by its gradual availability to all. In 1922 the British Broadcasting Company was founded. Owned by a consortium of radio manufacturers Peter Eckersley one of the companies first employees said, The BBC was formed as an expedient solution to a technical problem. (ECKERSLEY, 1922,pg112)The government had decided that there was going to be no radio free for all. Led by 33 year old John Reith the BBC set to work at inventing broadcasting. The BBC was set up as a public service, meaning that the provision should be public goods rather than of a private commodity. .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c , .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c .postImageUrl , .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c , .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c:hover , .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c:visited , .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c:active { border:0!important; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c:active , .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf246e5b35acbf4ca1e5838e3135fbf5c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Migration EssayFunding the public service was decided when it was felt that advertising could limit the number of programmes broadcast. Therefore to move away from the governments intervention a licence fee paid for by the owners of radios sets would mean money could be reinvested into the research and development of the service. Advertising was ruled out by the Sykes Committee of 1923 because of the detrimental effect it had on programmes in America. The American notion of broadcasting

Research Effect of Environmental Disasters on Human Reproductive Health

Introduction The developed world had undergone industrial revolution from early 1800’s and by 1892; it was in its dying embers focus moving to sophistication and consolidation of industries. Transport routes, education of skilled labour, production technology, management, military prowess and industry expansion were now the fad.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Research Effect of Environmental Disasters on Human Reproductive Health specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the transport industry, investment was heading into railways and improving water transport corridors. Therefore, when William T. Love in 1892, had a proposal to create a water transport channel by connecting the upper and lower Niagara River, it was a brilliant idea of the times. Attracting finances, the project begun in earnest only to collapse after economic depression due to impending world war. In 1920, the local municipal council did purchase Love Canal for use as a landfill (Brayan, N., 2003). The year is 1942; Hooker Chemicals starts depositing over 20,000 tons of chemical waste at the Love Canal over the next eight consecutive years. Hooker Chemicals seals Love Canal off with impregnable clay, sells the land to the Educational Board for $1 and absolves itself in a contract from any consequent legal action (1953). The impact on the environment begins years later, when construction activities in the area permeate the canal, after a rapid increase in the population. Chemicals start seeping into the soil of the surrounding area under the guidance of underground streams resulting in health complications of the community of Love Canal, New York; these complications range from reproductive health complications and low child mortality to increase in cancer cases (Gibbs, L. M., 1998). Mothers had more miscarriages and premature pregnancies; Children born were of low birth weight and had higher deformities per 100 children than other areas of New York. The municipal council, on the other hand, was dismissing the health complications as old wives tales.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper will look at previous research by New York State Department of Health to ascertain whether, a connection exists between the chemicals in Love Canal and reproductive health of its 1970’s residents. It will compare Love Canal effect on reproductive health as a whole with the effect of individual chemicals found at Love Canal on reproductive health in other areas. Background A chronology of the events that faced the community of Love Canal is essential to gain a perspective of the environmental scandal. Lois Gibbs in her 20th Anniversary edition book Love Canal: The Story- continues (1998) achieves these objectives. Gibbs had a sick child and was requesting for transfer of her child from the school. While the school was obstructing her efforts, she had a chance of looking into history of Love Canal. Additionally, she undertook a preliminary research, using results to rally fellow parents to pressure the New York Department of Health to look into effect of Love Canal on health of their children leading to the founding of Love Canal Parents Movement (1978). Apart from lessons from love canal project providing a wealth of information as a public resource, its article, History of Love Canal gives additional background. In The Love Canal Disaster: An Error in Engineering or Public Policy? Joshua Hertz (1996) points to the effect lack of information by Hooker Chemicals about Love Canal had on the community.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Research Effect of Environmental Disasters on Human Reproductive Health specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hooker Chemical had put its best foot forward in securing the canal from exposure to the environment; covering it all around with impermeable clay. This clay would withstand seepage of chemicals to the surrounding soil. However, construction of a school a top of it did open the top of the landfill for rainwater. Additionally, drainage pipe construction through the chemical landfill created an allowance for chemicals to leak. The Environmental Protection Agency did publish a report, id: NYD000606947 in 1983. It details actions that Environmental Protection Agency took to clean the environment off the 20,000 tons of chemicals. First was to contain the landfill chemical waste from further seepage. Second was eliminating the effect of seepage on the underground water network and sewage system. Third was disposal of chemical waste and excavation of the school built on top of the landfill. Finally, was maintenance of homes at Love Canal area. After much public complaint, the New York Department of Health did employ a con tractor in 1976, the Calspan Corporation to look into the complaints. It found toxic chemicals in the area, located near the landfill. Additionally, the area drainage system was behind spread of toxic chemicals within the area. The Department did not implement this study. It was in March 1978 that it undertook its own study Love Canal – Public Health Time Bomb (1978). The study apart begun researching on soil composition to obtain the effect the chemicals had on the area surrounding the landfill. Later it studied health problems brought about by the over 20,000 tons chemical waste, focusing on its effect on the high rate of birth defects and miscarriages.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Love Canal follow up health study (1996), is a comprehensive study by the New York State Department of Health. It is a 20-year follow up of Love canal former residents. The In-depth study had a focus several key areas: mortality, cancer, chemical contamination of blood and reproductive health. Their results, particularly in reproductive health, provide the basis of this study. Methods The research on reproductive health will base it on secondary data of past research carried out. This is on the basis that the lack ability to collect primary data, due to lack of funding and sufficient in depth researchers to collect data from former residents of Love Canal. Further, ability to obtain records of 1940-1980 residents is a strenuous activity due to litigation and the seeking of private information. Therefore, secondary data collection will be from research undertaken by the New York Department of health 1978 and 1996. Love Canal – Public Health Time Bomb (1978) was a research unde rtaken by the New York Department of Health while facing an amounting amassing public and political pressure. It was a study looking into health complications reported in women of the high rate of miscarriages and birth defects. Love Canal Follow Up Health Study (1996) was a research undertaken by the New York Department of health. The carrying out of the research was 20 years after the relocation of residents from Love Canal. It was a study, which had a focus on four areas: mortality, cancer, chemical contamination of blood and reproductive health. The assessment of Love Canal twenty years later was to take a long-term assessment on the health of the residents of Love Canal (1940-1980). It was inclusive of a comparison group of women in Upstate New York and Niagara counties. Results Love Canal – Public Health Time Bomb (1978) had a study group of 6,181 Love Canal residents. The study focus was on the effect of chemical present on the landfill n health, rate of miscarriages a nd birth defects. In Love Canal follow up health study (1996) was a follow up of the study group for Love Canal – Public Health Time Bomb (1978). Women in the study were those, had earlier been interviewed during the periods 1978 to1982 while having have lived in Love Canal over a period time starting from1940 to1980. In total there were 980 mothers in the study. With records putting the number of births at1,799. Of these, 32 were two or more children of the same pregnancy. Comparisons were against women of Upstate New York and Niagara County (control group). LOVE CANAL FOLLOW UP HEALTH STUDY (1996) AREA OF STUDY RESEARCH RESULTS Preterm births Love Canal women had more miscarriages over study period than control group. Number of boys and girls Boy to Girl birth ratio Love canal Control group Boys 94 105 Girls 100 100 Birth defects Love Canal (1983 to 1996) 492 children born Defects 16 Boys 11 Girls 5 control group birth defects numbers are not clear as to the number according to the study. However, it states Love Canal has a higher number of birth defects per 100 children born. Low birth weight; Children born were small for gestational age Children born were small for gestational age weighing among the lowest ten percent of babies born in State of New York. The weight of babies was low in comparison to Upstate New York and Niagara County. Study analysis Love Canal follow up health study (1996) was successful in tracing 97% women initially interviewed. The information collection was credible since it was information from public records of births and birth certificates. Third, comparison groups (Upstate New York and Niagara County) had a similar demographic structure. It, however, had several shortcomings including, researchers did not analyse higher birth defects in boys. The study was not inclusive of alcohol use, drug abuse and occupation effect on the pregnancies. Finally, Love Canal follow up health study (1996) did not e ncompass all people living in love canal and births before 1960. Conclusion Love Canal – Public Health Time Bomb (1978) focus was on high birth defects and high number of miscarriages. It in its proposals to the state government it pushed for the relocation of the residents from Love Canal, due to the presence of hazardous chemicals in the land fill. However, later studies did point to underground water spreading effect of the land fill to other areas, which the first study did not take into consideration. In 1978, the government had an evacuation of 239 families living in a two-block radius of the landfill, but further protests by residents of the area led to a complete evacuation in 1980. This was after later research post-1978 did identify crucial information on the effect of the landfill chemicals on blood serum chromosomes and cancer (The New York Department of Health, 1978). Love Canal follow up health study (1996) results were same as similar later research studies in terms of the results of higher birth defects, low birth weight and high number of miscarriages due to living close to the landfill. However, its addition to previous research done from 1978 was the low boy to a higher girl birth ratio due the effect of the Love canal chemicals on reproductive health. This is in line, with studies on the effect of chemical exposures on reproductive health, which state chemical exposure has an effect on reproductive health. Further, the 1996 New York Department of Health research did delve on other areas such as cancer effect of the dump, mortality and blood chemical makeup (The New York Department of Health, 1996). References Brayan, N. (2003). Love canal: pollution crisis (environmental disasters). Gareth Stevens Pub publishers. Environmental Protection Agency. (1983). Love Canal: US Environmental Protection Agency. Web. Gibbs, L. M. (1998). Love Canal: The Story Continues, 20 Anniversary edition, New Society Publishers. Hertz, J. (1996). The Love C anal Disaster: An Error in Engineering or Public Policy?  Web. Lessons from love canal project, (2007). History of Love Canal.  Web. New York Department of Health, (1978). Love Canal: Public Health Time Bomb. Web. New York Department of Health, (1996). Love Canal: Follow Up health Plan. Web. 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